Roller-bearing.



J. A. PERKINS. ROLLER BEARING. APPLIUATION FILED 11011.14, 190s.

TTUHNEY J. A. PERKINS. ROLLER BEARING.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 14, 1908.

Patented Sept. 5,1911.

SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Br Y ,a Afro/mfr wmvfssfs Q XMQ '.T. ,A- PERKINS.

ROLLER BEARING.

APPLICATION FILED N0 V .14, 1908.

Patented sept. 5,1911.

d 7 @f www@ J. A. PERKINS. ROLLER BEARING. APPLICATION FILED N017. 14, 1908.

WITNESSES by ,17mm/Ey Patented Sept. 5, 1911.

'J'. A. PERKINS. ROLLER BBAXRING. APPLICATION FILED NOV. 14, 1908. V 1,002,441. Patented Sept. 5, 1911.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

WTNESSES tha Arron/ver J. A. PERKINS. ROLLER BEARING.

ABPLIOATION FILED Nov.14. 190s.

1,002,441. Patented sept. 5,1911.

SHEETS-SHEET 6.

WHA/5885s m5 alma 9 0 f6 4 mfWE/vrof? m9 m 7 t/udas l-Afina* l', ATTRNEY UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. f

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f/ non.E1n-inname.A '1,002,441- pwicetilm @f IMM" ment Patented Sept. 5, 19.11, y Application mea November 14, 190s. senti 110.482,562. 1To all whom it ma/y concern: invention applied .to a wheel with short Be it known that I, JULrUs A. PERKINS, a citizen of the United States of America and residin 4at Omaha, vin the county of Douglas an State of Nebraska, have 111- Nented, .certain new and useful Im rove- L ments in Roller-Bearings, of which t e folsuch as automobiles,

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lowing is a specification, such as will enable those skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to bearings, with particular reference to vehicle construction, Wagons, carriages, and the like, and the object thereof is to rovide a bearing for such vehicles which 1s nonfrictional in either the rotary, sliding, or twisting movements of t-he -wheels thereof, upontheiiax'les, thereby making the bearings practically indestructible. c

further object is to provide a single non-frictional device for the thrust, in either direction, of the axles'in said wheels.

A further object is to provide a non-fricf tional'roller bearing 4for the load carried thereby.

A further object is to provide non-frictional ball bearings for the axle thrust.

A further object is to provide independl, ently removable racewaysfor the said rollers ,and balls, thus avoldingjthe necessity for. exact machining of the axle or hub box;

or sub'ecting 'same to heat or other treatment or case-hardening or tem ring.

My invention is fully describe in the following specification, ofA which the accompanying drawings form apart, in which the same reference characters are used to indicate like parts in-each of the views, and in which Figure 1 is a central, longitudinal, seetion, taken through one form of embodiment of my invention; Fi 2 is a section taken on the line 2 2 of i a section taken on the line 3 3 of ig. 1; Fig. 4 is a side view of a roller cage which I emplo Fig. 5 isa view, similar to Fif.l l1, but s owing my invention adapted Vto a stand-ard automobile wheel; Fig. 6 is a detached, fragmentary, view of a roller cage which -I employ; Fig. 7 'is a view, 'similar to Fig. 3, but showing a' modification of the cage construction; Fig. 8 is a section taken on the line 8-8 of F ig.` 7 ;"Fi 49 is a detached, perspective view of a etail of the construction shown in Fi s'. 7 and 8; Fig.

10 is a view, similar to Fig. 1 showing my formin -shoulder d `wit-h a recess forming an annular projection a peripheral vgroove d7 which is within the chamber a?, thus formprogress thereof is is an enlarged, fragmentary, view o the form of construction shown 1n Fig. 10.

Inthe form 'of embodiment shown in Fig. 1, the axle is provided with a shank,

a shoulder z2/and having anl annular c amber a3 therein, provided with an outlet at the bottom thereof, said axle comprising two cylindrical portions of different giameters,

y atapered portion a, being provided threaded nut as, and a nut lock a. The axle a is arranged within a hub box b, having a cap 112, screwed thereinto, ad having a. spoke flange b3 for Iholding the spokes b* thereon, the inner end of the bo being ternally screw threaded at b and' the lnner surface of the said box being provided with shoulders 6, b', and 6s. Mounted on the axle a are a plurality of tube sections c c2, c, and c, the last of which is taper to conform to the tapered portion a of the axle, and the former e ,05, these elements bein made separate, as shown, buts( make them integral, if desired, in position, together' and against the shoulder a2 and washer a7 by means ofthe nut a8, thus locking them to the axle a. Within "the box b,

the end of the axle preferably could also and, when `wi-th a washer a, screw of which carries a these tube sections are forced in line with the tube sections c2, and o8, are

similar tube sections d and d2, which bear against the shoulders 67 and be, serving as raceways for rollers e and f, while against the shoulder t is an annular plate d held in this position, in register with the flange c, by means of a ring d4 engaging the screw thread b, said ring being provided with a in line with the shoulder a2, and

d prvided with lng a guard against the admission of dust, water, or other'foreignmatter, but should any water reach the projection de, further interrupted by the groove d, which carries it downwardly to the outlet for the chamber a".

'l The rollers e Yand f are each provided with journals e2 and f2, upon which are rotatably mounted cup shaped blocks' e3, carrying balls e4, which support the kroller journals andr j kThe rollers e and 'f are carried by cages. of 'suitable size, each' of ywhich 'comprises end plates e5,"and e6 having ribs, of a length equal to one-half the longitudinal diameter of the assembled cage, as shown at e", thereby forming two similar4 cage members adapt- ,ed.to be held together by means of pins, bolts, or equivalents e8 and forming roller spaces. e between said ribs.

yAdjacent the end plates e5, ,and e, as.

' clearly shown in Figs. 4 and 6,.I enlarge -thewidth of the ribs e7, thereby forming recesses f2 of less diameter than the roller spaces e9, intended for the reception of the f roller end guide blocks es, thus guiding the p rollers in their planetary movement "about the axle and, because of the circular formation of the said recesses, the blocks are held against transverse movement, thus main`- taining the cage in a position concentric with the axle and theraceways.

As the cages arey rotated by the movement of the rollers over their raceways, I provide cage controllers f3, of fiber or other antifriction material, loosely mounted at each end of the said cages, to take the impact of said cages should they, at times, be carried against any contiguous surfaces and thus prevent wearupon either the cages or impact surfaces.

Bearing loosely against `the shoulders a2 and d5' is an annular plate f4 and a similar plate f5 bears against the iange c5 and plate des, a series of balls 'f6 being arranged between the plates f4' and f5 which serve asa raceway therefor, as will be seen, there be.- ing, however, a certain degree of movement possible of the plates and balls in the ball chamber, for. reasons hereinafter explained'.-

By means of this construction, it will be seen that I provide nonl-frictional bearings for the rotary movement of the hub box about the axle, the rollers e taking the load and the rollers f the twist of the box on the axle, said rollers being also non-frictional in their end-thrust because ofthe blocks e3 and balls e4 therein.

. The roller raceways being rigidly secured,

to respectively the axle and to the hub box,

' movement-- of the axle, endwise, with relation to the box b, moves the raceways carried thereby correspondingly withreference to the raceways in the box, this `movement, in either direction, being taken non-frictionally by the balls f for the reason that the shoulder a2 forces the plate f4 against the balls f6 which in turn force the plate f5 against the plate da, in one direction of axle end movement, and the flange e forces the plate f5 lagainst the balls, which, in turn,

force the plate f* against the shoulder d in the other direction of axle movement, there being, as stated,l a predetermined degree of movement possible of the parts within the ball chamber Aand other contacting parts, andthus the axle thrust is taken u nonfrictionally, in either direction, but t ie balls and their' co-acting elements also serve to preventv wheel twist on the axle because of ,the difference between the ,axle radius and the ball race radius,- this dual function of the said balls being found important in some -forms of construction.

' In Fig. 5 I have shown my invention .adapted to a certain standard automobile axle and hub box, which differ in conformation slightly over the form just described, the positions of the bearings also being different, the said standard wheels employing ball bearings at two points, which together sustain the weight or load, and in this form of construction I regulatethe sizes of myy i roller bearings and `allied parts to the spaces now occupied by the said ball bearings, making my bearings interchangeable therewith. In this form, the axle is provided with two cylindrical portions and a tapered portion, similar to the one described, but somewhat elongated, being also provided with a supplemental shoulder h, forming a dust guard seat h2, of greater diameter than the portion a4, aboutwhich is a dust guard ha, screwed into the box b, and provided with a chamber h* for the reception of felt or other packinlg,

v the box b being provided with shoulders and h6, the former of which fixes the position of the-main bearings at apoint back of, instead of in, the spoke line, as in the form already described. The rollers e and f, in this form, are in all respects similar to those described with the exception that the former are vshorter in order to accommodate them to the ball spacebut in this form, I place my axle thrust devices adjacent the rollers f instead of to the rear of the rollers e as in the first form.

Bearing againstthe shoulder h is a section which carries a detachable rin i2 at the. inner end thereof, directly in Iine thereof and upon the axle is a similar tube section 3 provided with a ring i* in line with and similar to the ring i2, said tube sections being also provided with flanges forming shoulders 5 and 6, between which and the ringsj-i2 and 4 are arranged the annular plates f4 and f5 this form of construction, should the axle move forwardly in the box b, the ring i* forces the platef4 against the balls f which, in turn, force the plate f5 against the andthe series of balls f". In

tube V upV the axle-thrust, non-frictionally,'in either direction.

As in the former construction described, the cap b2, and dust guard h3 lock the raceways d and d2 in position, while, upon the axle, the nut a8 and' shoulder a2 lock the raceways c, c3 and 3 in position, thus making the axle and connected parts independently movable with relation to the hub box and parts. j

In Figs. 7, 8, and 9, I have shown a modification of the cage construction, whereby the end plates lc and k2 are made separate from the ribs k3, the' latter having pins or rivets on each end for engagement with corresponding'holes 'in the plates, as shown at c, the said ribs being provided with enlarged ends forming shoulders ci and which, when the cage is assembled, form the block recesses 7c", this construction being more economical and-well adapted to'some purv poses,

In' Fig.v 10, I have shown my invention applied to wheels wherein it is desired to keep the box within the line of thel rim orl tire, thereby making a shorter spindle orl axle necessary, this adaptation being prefer abl for use in connection with heavy trucks an the like. In this form, I em loy af straight axle m, provided with a was er m2 and nut m3 as well as with a shoulder m* at the inner end thereof, between which I mount two tubular sections m5 and me., preferably similar to each other, and each ofv which has an outwardly directed flange m7 and'm, respectively, said flanges being recessed to, jointly, form one half of a ball chamber m9. The box n, in this formation, has an integral dust and water guard fm2, forming a shoulder n3, and at the outer end of the box fn, I provide a ring n* screW threaded into the said box and locked therein by means of the cap n?, or other equivalent, the screw thread of the latter being of a different pitch than the former in order to accomplish this result, while between the ring n4 and shoulder n3 I mount two tubu lar sections n and 11,7 of the same sectional v `formation as the sectionsm and m", with regard to the flanges ns and a9 thereon as well as to the recesses therein which, together with the recesses in the sections m5 and me, collectively form the chamber m9. Between the said tubular sections m5 and mf" and n and n" I place -my rollers o, all ofthe same size, and provided with non-frictional end guides as previously described, shown at 02, these rollers being placed upon either side of the chamber m"v and approximately in line with the inner and outer spoke surfaces thus, jointly, taking the load and preventing twisting of the wheel, said rollers being carried by a cage o3 of a form hereinbefore shown or of different form to accomplish the desired result, and I also employ togetherl with. the annular for the said flanges,

cage controllers fs for the'reasons hereinbefore explained, while Within the chamber m", I referto use rings o* and o" which cover tlie joints of the tubular sections and, plates j" and f5, serve as raceways for the balls f". It will be observed that the spindle, or the journal thereof, is muchshorter in this form than in those previously described and is also cylindrical throughout, there y permitting the use' of the interchangeabletubular sections and of interchangeab e rollers, this ,construcion also permittmg factory assembling and shipment when so assembled.. 2The axle endthrust is taken up non-frictionally, as de-` scribed in the preceding forms, by means of the flanges m8 and 71,8 1n one direction and the flanges m7 and a9 in the other direction of axle movement, throu h the balls f5 and the roller-end-thrust is ta en up by the nonfrictional end guides o2, deslred results in a more compact form whereby the box cap need not project beyond the rim or tirevand wherein the interchangeable advantage is produced.

In Figs. 12 and 13, I provide the cage` end plates withinwardly the outer edge thereof, serving as stopsfor the movement of the roller end-guides e3, these flanges being shown upon the inner edge of the said plates in Fi 14 and l5, and, if desired, lugs 82 may e substituted either on the outer edge as shown in Fig. 17 or on the inner edge as shown in Fig. 16, in the positions of the end guide reoessesk" to accomplish the same result, and, in Figs. 18 and 19 is shown a modification over that shown in Figs. 7, 8 and 9, in that the sides of the ribs remain the same but the enlarged endsthereof are made separate, being small plates s3 curved upon two sides to form ylimiting stops for the end guides ea in their movement radially of the axle a,and the said plates are held in position by means of the pins or rivets c passing therethrough and into the said end plates.

It will, therefore, be seen that I provide a directed flanges ,8, at

85 thus gaining the bearing adapted particularly to vehicle' Wheels of Whatever construction but applif cable to any structure or mechanism wherein similar results are desired, z'. e., tol provide non-frictional means for any of the possible movements of an element rot-ating upon an axle or of an axle or shaft rotating within a fixed element. It willI also be seen that I. provide non-frictional axle thrust devices in 'either direction of axle movement, not confined to any particular point orposition, and it .will be evident that various structural changes over the 'forms shown and described will suggest themselves, or be required, to produce this result with but one element, as shown, according. to the mechanism in which it is to be used, and, reserving the right to journal, a tubular section carried by said.

therefor, a tubular section carried by said 4box, said sections having shoulders thereon collectively fo `a chamber, annular plates in said cham er and a series of-balls between-said-plates for taking the strain off the ydiagonal shoulders against the said plates.

' 2.',A' bearing, lcomprising a journal, a box therefor,- tubular sections carriedby said' journal and said box, and forming sets of. -raceways, one set-of which is provided with shoulders forming a chamber, a series of` 20. balls arr-an edinsaid chamber to take thej strain of said shoulders when moved toward 'each other-.in the journal thrust, in either" direction, and rollers interposed betweenthe 'other sets of said raceways.

- rollers interposed between the corresponding 3. A bearing, comprising a journal, a box therefor, interchangeable vtubular sections carried by said journal, interchangeable tu; bular sections carried by said box, said sec-i 'tionsbeing' provided with registering flanges -formin roller raceways and a ball chamber, rollers lnterposed between the corresponding -raceways and a series of balls in said chamber to take the strain of diagonal anges -when moved toward each other inthe journal thrust, in either direction.

therefor, interchangeable tubular sections carried lby said journal, interchangeable tu` 'bular sections carried by said box, said secvtions having registering flanges thereon formin roller raceways and a ball chamber,

'raceways, annular rings in said chamber and fa series of balls between said rings to take the strain of diagonal flanges when moved.

toward each other in the journal thrust, in either direction, through said rings.

5. A bearing, comprising a journal pro- "vided with two' outwardly directed, detachable flanges, a box providedwithtwo inwardly directed, detachable iianges, in register with and contiguous to said first namedv flanges, said flanges having bearing surfaces atright angles to the axial line of said journal, and an element for taking the journal thrust, in either direction, mounted between said Hanges and-bearing on said surfaces.

6. A bearing, comprising a journal pro- Y vided with two outwardly directed flanges,

detachably 4mounteda box provided with two inwardly directed flanges, detachably mounted, Ain register with .and contiguous to said first named flanges, and forming a chamber, an element in said chamber for taking the journal thrust ineither direction, and an annular bearing plate on each side ef said element anawvering ,thejoint in' said chamber.

7. A bearing comprising a journal, a tubular section t ereon, a box, a tubular section therein, said sections having, each two shoulders thereon forming bearing surfaces at right angles to the -ournal'axis, and collectivel forming a ballchamber, and a series of alls in said chamber for taking the strain of diagonal shoulders toward each other.

8. A bearing, comprising afjournal, a tubular section thereon, a box, a tubular tion therein, said sections having, each two shoulders thereon forming bearing surfaces at right angles to the journal axis, and collectively forming a balll chamber, a series of ballsin said chamber for taking the strain of diagonal shoulders toward each other, and means for directing said strain in aline parallel to the thrust.

9. A bearing, comprising a journal, a box therefor, interchangeable tubular sections carried by said journal, interchangeable tubularsections carried by said box, said sections having registeringv flanges forming roller raceways, rollers interposed between the corresponding racewaysand means for taking the journal thrust in either direction.

10. A bearing, comprising a journal, a box therefor, interchangeable tubular sections carried by said journal, interchangeable tubular sections carried by said box,

said sections having registering anges 4. A bearing, comprisinga journal, a box thereon forming roller raceways, and a series -of rollers interposed between corresponding raceways.

11. A bearing, comprising a journal provided with a shoulder at the inner end and a ange detachably secured at the outer end, a sleeve consisting of a plurality of members abutting on each other held between said shoulder and ange, a box, and anti-friction devices interposed between said sleeve and 12. A bearing, comprising a journal, a box provided with a shoulder at the inner end and a cap at the outer end, a tubular member consisting of a plurality of sections abutting on each other held between said shoulder and cap, and anti-friction devices interposed between said journal and tubular member.

13. A bearing, comprising a journal provided with two outwardly directed flanges, a box provided with two inwardly directed flanges, said flanges collectively forming a chamber, a series of balls in said chamber, said flanges meeting at the axes of said balls, and being parallel to a plane therethrough and an inner and an outer ybearing ring 'for said balls within said chamber.

14. A bearing, comprising a journal provided with two outwardly directed anges, a box provided with two inwardly directed -said journal and provided with one cfwhich isY detachable, a tubular section carried by said box and provided with shoulders, one of which is detachable, saidl shoulders collectively formin a ball chamber, annular plates in saidl c amber, and a series of balls between said plates for taking the strain of diagonal shoulders against said plates..

16. A bearing,` comprising a journal, a box therefor, tubular sections carried by said jourlal and said box and forming sets of raceways, one set of which is provided with shoulders forming a chamber, a series of balls arranged in said chamber to take the strain of said shoulders when moved toward each other in the journal thrust, in either direction, rollers interposed .between the other' sets of said raceways, and a cage for guiding said rollers.

17. A bearing, comprising a journal, a box therefor, tubular sections carried by shoulders,

said journal and said box and forming sets of r'aceways, one set of which is provided with shoulders forming al chamber, a series of balls arran ed in said chamber to take the strain o said shoulders when moved toward each other in the journal thrust, in either direction, rollers interposed between the other set of said raceways, a c agefor guiding said rollers, and anti-frict1on means interposed between said cage and rollers.

18. A bearing, comprising a journal, a box therefor, tubular sections carried by 'said journal and said box, 'and forming sets of raceways, one set of which is provided with shoulders forming a chamber, a series of balls arranged in said chamber to take the strain of said shoulders when moved toward each .other in the journal thrust, in either direction, rollers interposed between thel other sets of raceways, a cage for guidin said rollers, and a cage controller of antiriction material arranged on each side of said cage.

In testimonyy that I claim the foregoingas my inyention I have signed my name .1 n

presence of the subscribing witnesses thls 12th day of November 1908.

JULIUS A. PERKINS.

Witnesses:

GEORGE E. MINER, J. C. LARSEN. 

